The study highlights ethnicity as an indicator of whether or not an Rh negative individual has a complete D gene deletion. Complete gene deletion is the norm among Europeans, but rare in Africans and Asians. In black Americans, around half have a complete Rh(D) gene deletion and around half do not. This largely depends on which part of their ancestry their Rh negativity comes from. Most black Americans have more African than European ancestry, but since Europeans are much higher in Rh negative blood than Africans, the numbers even each other out.
The study examines possibilities for high COVID-related deaths and cases among black Americans.
I tend to avoid the term “Hispanic” as it doesn’t define a genetic ethnicity. You can literally be of 100% European, 100% African or 100% Native American ancestry and still be considered Hispanic. Native American ancestry has it’s origin in Asian tribes.
When looking at COVID cases and especially deaths in Rh(D) negatives, it is helpful to look at ancestry and determine whether or not the individual has/had a complete D gene deletion.