The relationship between red hair in humans and Neanderthals is an area of scientific investigation and speculation. While it is not entirely clear, some studies suggest that the gene responsible for red hair (MC1R gene) may have originated in Neanderthals and was passed down to modern humans through interbreeding.
Neanderthals were an ancient human species that coexisted with early modern humans (Homo sapiens) for a period of time. Genetic studies have revealed that there was interbreeding between Neanderthals and early humans, and as a result, some individuals today carry small amounts of Neanderthal DNA in their genomes.
The MC1R gene, which is associated with red hair, fair skin, and light eye color, is found in higher frequencies in populations of northern European descent. It is believed that this gene variant provided an evolutionary advantage in colder climates by allowing for better absorption of vitamin D from limited sunlight. Some researchers speculate that this gene variant may have originated in Neanderthals and was later introduced into the human gene pool through interbreeding events.
However, it’s important to note that this is an active area of research, and our understanding of the genetic origins of red hair is still developing. While there is evidence of gene flow between Neanderthals and modern humans, the specific contribution of Neanderthals to the prevalence of red hair in modern populations is not yet definitively established.