Effect of Cholera Filtrate on Red Cells as Demonstrated by Incomplete Rh Antibodies

The following study posted is from 1946. I am posting it for future references to something I have come across recently:

RED cells sensitized with an incomplete (blocking) anti-Rh antibody will agglutinate if suspended in serum^1,2 or in concentrated albumin³, or, having been washed, are exposed to an anti-human precipitating serum⁴. During an investigation in which the properties of red cells from cases of acute acquired hæmolytic anæmia were compared with red cells ‘changed’ by a filtrate of a broth culture of cholera vibrio, it was found that red cells previously sensitized by an incomplete antibody, and washed, were agglutinated after incubation with the cholera filtrate. Normal cells when so treated do not show any alteration until they are in contact with serum, when they show panagglutination as in the Hubener Thomsen phenomenon⁵. The ‘T’ agglutinin responsible for the panagglutination is present in all normal sera and can be specifically absorbed by ‘changed’ cells; when incomplete anti-Rh sera are so absorbed and incubated with red cells, together with cholera filtrate, they show specific agglutination of Rh-positive cells. These reactions are shown in the accompanying table.

Effect of Cholera Filtrate on Red Cells as Demonstrated by Incomplete Rh Antibodies

See also:

Since the association was first recognized by Barua and Paguio in 1977,¹ many investigators have confirmed a strong link between cholera and the human blood group O phenotype. Although the blood type O does not affect the risk of being infected with Vibrio cholerae, it has a tremendous impact on disease severity.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4973168/

Because O blood group has been associated with more severe cholera infections, it has been hypothesized that cholera toxin (CT) may bind non-O blood group antigens of the intestinal mucosae, thereby preventing efficient interaction with target GM1 gangliosides required for uptake of the toxin and activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling in target epithelia.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4973196/

Cholera is an infectious disease that causes severe watery diarrhea, which can lead to dehydration and even death if untreated. It is caused by eating food or drinking water contaminated with a bacterium called Vibrio cholerae.

RhD negative subjects have increased the risk of developing of certain heart diseases, respiratory diseases and some immunity and autoimmunity related diseases, for example rheumatoid arthritis. The general pattern suggests that RhD negative subjects could have problems with autoimmunity, could be more resistant to infections of viral origin and could be less resistant to infections of bacterial origin.

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0141362

To be continued…